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Effect of Nonmyeloablative HSCT vs Continued DMT on Disease Progression in RRMS

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  • Effect of Nonmyeloablative HSCT vs Continued DMT on Disease Progression in RRMS

    JAMA
    Preliminary Communication
    January 15, 2019

    Effect of Nonmyeloablative Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation vs Continued Disease-Modifying Therapy on Disease Progression in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
    A Randomized Clinical Trial


    Richard K. Burt, MD; Roumen Balabanov, MD, et al

    Question
    Is nonmyeloablative autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) more effective than disease-modifying therapy for patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS)?

    Findings
    In this randomized clinical trial that included 110 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, treatment with nonmyeloablative HSCT compared with disease-modifying therapy resulted in a significantly prolonged time to disease progression (hazard ratio, 0.07).

    Meaning
    In this preliminary study, nonmyeloablative HSCT was more effective than disease-modifying therapy for patients with relapsing-remitting MS.

    Abstract

    Importance
    Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a potentially useful approach to slow or prevent progressive disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS).

    Objective
    To compare the effect of nonmyeloablative HSCT vs disease-modifying therapy (DMT) on disease progression.

    Design, Setting, and Participants
    Between September 20, 2005, and July 7, 2016, a total of 110 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, at least 2 relapses while receiving DMT in the prior year, and an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS; score range, 0-10 [10 = worst neurologic disability]) score of 2.0 to 6.0 were randomized at 4 US, European, and South American centers. Final follow-up occurred in January 2018 and database lock in February 2018.

    Interventions
    Patients were randomized to receive HSCT along with cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) and antithymocyte globulin (6 mg/kg) (n = 55) or DMT of higher efficacy or a different class than DMT taken during the previous year (n = 55).

    Main Outcomes and Measures
    The primary end point was disease progression, defined as an EDSS score increase after at least 1 year of 1.0 point or more (minimal clinically important difference, 0.5) on 2 evaluations 6 months apart, with differences in time to progression estimated as hazard ratios.

    Results
    Among 110 randomized patients (73 [66%] women; mean age, 36 [SD, 8.6] years), 103 remained in the trial, with 98 evaluated at 1 year and 23 evaluated yearly for 5 years (median follow-up, 2 years; mean, 2.8 years). Disease progression occurred in 3 patients in the HSCT group and 34 patients in the DMT group. Median time to progression could not be calculated in the HSCT group because of too few events; it was 24 months (interquartile range, 18-48 months) in the DMT group (hazard ratio, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.02-0.24; P < .001). During the first year, mean EDSS scores decreased (improved) from 3.38 to 2.36 in the HSCT group and increased (worsened) from 3.31 to 3.98 in the DMT group (between-group mean difference, −1.7; 95% CI, −2.03 to −1.29; P < .001). There were no deaths and no patients who received HSCT developed nonhematopoietic grade 4 toxicities (such as myocardial infarction, sepsis, or other disabling or potential life-threatening events).

    Conclusions and Relevance
    In this preliminary study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS, nonmyeloablative HSCT, compared with DMT, resulted in prolonged time to disease progression. Further research is needed to replicate these findings and to assess long-term outcomes and safety.

    Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00273364

    Dave Bexfield
    ActiveMSers

  • #2
    The news media is starting to pick this up....

    https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/15/healt...udy/index.html

    https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019...k-better-drugs

    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/cana...ple-sclerosis/

    https://www.vox.com/2019/1/15/181820...ell-transplant
    Dave Bexfield
    ActiveMSers

    Comment


    • #3
      Excellent results

      I had the procedure in June. I feel very fortunate to have been invited to the trial in Chicago and have seen many improvements. I hope others will be able to have this as an option. In my opinion, this should be the gold standard of treatment for people with MS.

      Comment


      • #4
        AFK, I have to agree that HSCT is a potent treatment option for the right candidate.

        Another news item on the study...

        https://multiplesclerosisnewstoday.c...gression-rrms/
        Dave Bexfield
        ActiveMSers

        Comment

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